Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Mikhail V. Mikheev
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Ekaterinburg, Russia
E-mail: mikheeviiiauroran@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0001-8097-4953

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UDC 94(470.5+477)«1920/1930»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-64-81

ABSTRACT. The study continues a series of articles devoted to the problem of interregional economic contradictions between the Urals and the Ukraine in the USSR during the interwar period. In the third part of the work, the author examines two opposing perspectives of industrialization of the Soviet Union during the implementation of the first five-year plan. One of these alternatives was formulated by the five-year plan developed by the Supreme Economic Council and expressed in the concentration of Soviet industry around the coal and metallurgical industries of the Ukraine, thus shifting the productive forces of Soviet industry to the southern and western borders of the USSR, which continued the trends of territorial distribution of Russian industry that emerged in the late Imperial period and developed in the early years of Soviet power. Another variant of Soviet industrialization was the path of extensive development, carried out through the reconstruction of the metallurgy of the Urals through its mineralization at the expense of the coal resources of Western Siberia. This project was supported by a number of key members of the Soviet government, including personally I. V. Stalin. Later it would form the basis of the first five-year plan prepared by the USSR State Planning Committee and adopted for execution in 1928. However, this version of the five-year plan was met with organized regionalist attacks by the opposition of the party, state, planning and economic bodies of the Ukrainian SSR. During the second half of the 1920s, the two projects competed with each other. This competition was accompanied by press campaigns, political repression and debates in the highest authorities of the USSR. At the same time, in order to oppose regionalism in the Ukrainian SSR, the central government had to condone the emergence of regionalist sentiments in the Urals.

KEYWORDS: economic history, economic geography, Urals, Ukraine, Western Siberia, first five-year plan, industrialization, regionalism, Shakhty trial.

For citation: Mikheev M. V. [The Urals and Ukraine in the System of Interregional Contradictions of the 1920s — 1930s (Part 3)]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 64–81. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-64-81 (In Russian).

Received 11 June 2024
Accepted 17 September 2024

© 2024 The Author

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