Shumkin G. N. Geography of the Mining Industry in Russia’s Legislation of the 19th Century

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Shumkin G. N. Geography of the Mining Industry in Russia’s Legislation of the 19th Century

Georgy N. Shumkin
Candidate of historical sciences, senior researcher, Institute of History and Archeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Ekaterinburg, Russia
E-mail: shumk@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-1858-8001

Download | Back to the Content № 2. 2022

UDC 94(47)”18”
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2022-1-2-56-77

ABSTRACT. The article attempts to consider changes of notions about the geography of the mining industry in the Russian Empire’s legislation in the 19th century. It reveals that the legislator’s ideas about the geography of the mining industry in the XIX century went through three stages: 1) the “stage of divisions” (the beginning of the 19th century); 2) the “stage of grades” (1830s — 50s); 3) the “stage of mountain regions” (the end of the 19th century), which split into two sub-stages – the creation of mountain districts for the supervision of private industry and the formation of mountain regions. With each subsequent stage, it covered more and more space, more and more segments of the mining and metallurgical industry fell within the scope of the “Mining statute”. All territorial formations were increasingly unified in their structure. At the first stage, the “divisions” did not have clearly defined borders (with the exception of the Urals). At the second stage, the localization of the “grades” was recorded quite clearly. At the third stage, a single two-level structure of territorial formations was introduced, consisting of mountain regions and mountain districts. The mountainous regions covered almost the entire space of the Russian Empire. It is concluded that these changes in the mining industry map can be well explained by modernization processes (industrialization, unification of law, unification and bureaucratization of management). It is noted that the creation of the mountain regions system coincided with the rapid growth of the mining industry in the 1890s.

KEYWORDS: mining industry, geography, legislation, mining district, mountain region

For citation: Shumkin G. N. Geography of the Mining Industry in Russia’s Legislation of the 19th Century // Historical Geography Journal. 2022. Vol. 1. № 2. P. 56–77.

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