Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Margarita K. Glazyrina
Vyatka State University
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: rita_glazyrina1999@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-0256-5836

Darya V. Cheraneva
Vyatka State University
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: tcheraniova.darya@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0009-0008-6351-0151

Ksenia А. Pantyukhina
Vyatka State University
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: kseniapantyuhina@gmail.com
ORCID: 0009-0000-3218-4463

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UDC 902.2(470.342)
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-58-71

ABSTRACT. The article briefly presents the result of archaeological explorations on the territory of the city of Kirov in 2020–2024. The growth in number of archaeological works in the city is shown. The main part of the article is devoted to the review of the study of the cultural layer of Kirov in the 17th — early 20th century by archaeological exploration and excavations. The results of processing data sources (scientific publications and publications in mass media, scientific reports and acts of the state historical and cultural expertise) are analyzed and presented visually (in a table and using a schematic map). With its help, the authors clarify the chronology of the cultural layers of the city, collect a rich collection of objects of material culture, trace the boundaries of the preserved cultural layer and determine the boundaries of the protection of new archaeological sites. The state historical and cultural expertise allows ascertaining a significant amount of data suitable for meaningful identification of special protection zones in the city and detailed characteristics of various aspects of the lifestyle of the urban population of historical time, based on a comprehensive analysis of written and archaeological sources. This kind of work is being actively implemented in the neighboring cities of the Urals and Siberia. The article provides information about all archaeological works on the territory of the Kirov municipality, indicating the presence or absence of a cultural layer, while giving a list of all exploration works on the territory of the city; it also briefly describes excavation works both related to the city layer itself and with sites that belong to pre-urban settlements, but now included in the Kirov city limits.

KEYWORDS: urban archaeology, early Modern times, early Iron Age, Kirov city, Khlynov-Vyatka city, site of a cultural layer, state historical and cultural expertise.

For citation: Glazyrina М. К., Cheraneva D. V., Pantyukhina К. А. [Archaeological Explorations on the Territory of the City of Kirov in 2020–2024]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 58–71. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-58-71 (In Russian).

Received 17 July 2024
Accepted 2 December 2024

© 2024 The Authors

REFERENCES

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• Egorov A. V. [Preliminary Results of Archaeological Excavations on the Territory of the Northern Part of the Kremlin of the City of Khlynov-Vyatka in 2022]. XVI Baderovskiye chteniya: sbornik nauchnykh statey po materialam Vserossiyskoy (s mezhdunarodnym uchastiyem) nauchnoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 120-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya O. N. Badera. Perm’, 27 noyabrya — 1 dekabrya 2023 goda [16th Bader Readings: A Collection of Scientific Articles Based on the Materials of the All-Russian (With International Participation) Scientific Conference Dedicated to the 120th Anniversary of the Birth of O. N. Bader. Perm, November 27 — December 1, 2023]. Perm: Permskiy gosudarstvennyy natsional’nyy issledovatel’skiy universitet Publ., 2023, pp. 107–112. (In Russian).
• Egorov A. V. [New Data of Historical and Archaeological Topography of Kirov and Slobodskoy Obtained through 2015–2022 State Historical and Cultural Expertise]. Ufimskiy arkheologicheskiy vestnik [Ufa Archaeological Herald], 2024, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 504–510. DOI: 10.31833/uav/2024.24.3.032 (In Russian).
• Glazyrina M. K., Kaisin A. O., Kharina V. M. [Mentions in the Periodical Press of Archaeological Research in the City of Kirov in the 20th — Early 21st Centuries]. Obshchestvo. Nauka. Innovatsii (NPK-2020): XX Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf., 17 fevr. — 26 apr. 2020 g.: v 2 t. [Society. Science. Innovations (NPC-2020): 20th All-Russian Sci. and Pract. Conf., February 17 — April 26, 2020: In 2 Vols]. Kirov: Vyatskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet Publ., 2020, vol. 1, pp. 138–143. (In Russian).
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• Kaisin A. O., Glazyrina M. K. [On the Issue of the Boundaries of the Cultural Layer of the City of Kirov (Khlynov, Vyatka) in the 17th–19th Centuries]. Regional’nyye stolitsy Rossii — tochki opory i rosta: materialy Vseros. nauch. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiyem. Ekaterinburg, Perm’, 20–22 sentyabrya 2023 goda [Regional Capitals of Russia — Points of Support and Growth: Proceedings of the All-Russian Sci. Conf. with International Participation. Ekaterinburg, Perm, September 20–22, 2023]. Ekaterinburg; Perm: Al’fa Publ., 2023, pp. 27–30. (In Russian).
• Kaisin A. O., Glazyrina M. K., Borisova A. M. [The Settlement of the City of Khlynov in the 16th–18th Centuries according to Archaeological Information]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2022, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 76–91. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2022-1-3-76-91 (In Russian).
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Eduard I. Orudzhov
Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Kazan, Russia
E-mail: orudzhov.eduard@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-2686-7780

Alexey O. Kaisin
Vyatka State University
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: akai_slob@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-6188-0043

Anton V. Shipilov
Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Kazan, Russia
E-mail: Shipilov_anton@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-3770-8777

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UDC 902.2(470.342)
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-72-85

ABSTRACT. The article describes the physical and geographical location of the Pizhma settlement. A brief history of the study of the site from the mid-19th century until today is presented. The results of the joint archaeological expedition of the A. H. Khalikov Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan and Vyatka State University in 2022 on the territory of the Pizhma settlement are summed up. An area of 78 sq.m. was laid in the north-western part of the site of the settlement. According to the results of these studies, during the excavation of the upper horizon of the excavation, the contours of a rectangular wooden ground structure of the Middle Ages were discovered. The archaeological material obtained during the excavations is represented by products made of ceramics, bone, metal, baked clay and stone. The main part of the collection is a ceramic complex, represented by fragments of vessels of the Vyatka-Vetluzh culture of the middle and late period of the Ananyino cultural and historical region (5th – 4th centuries BC) and ceramics of the Middle Ages (8th –13th centuries). The analysis of the findings obtained as a result of the research of the Pizhma settlement allowed us to conclude about the economic life of the population of the settlement, in which hunting (arrowheads), fishing (spears), spinning (spindle whorl), sewing (points), processing of hides (scrapers, dead-end blades, knives) and metallurgy (a fragment of a ladle for pouring molten metal) played a significant role. A series of iron arrowheads discovered in the upper horizon of the excavation indicates the participation of the population of the settlement in armed clashes in the early Middle Ages (8th –13th centuries).

KEYWORDS: Kirov region, Sovetsk, Pizhma River, Pizhma settlement, Vyatka-Vetluzh culture, Ananyino cultural and historical region.

For citation: Orudzhov E. I., Kaisin А. О., Shipilov А. V. [Archaeological research at the Pizhma settlement in 2022]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 72–85. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-72-85 (In Russian).

Received 5 August 2024
Accepted 2 December 2024

© 2024 The Authors

REFERENCES

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Andrey V. Egorov
Scientific and Production Center for the Protection of Cultural Heritage Sites of the Kirov Region
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: general882007@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0009-0003-9627-4873

Pavel A. Kharin
Center for Historical and Archaeological Research of the Kirov Region
Kirov, Russia
E-mail: pashkah83@mail.ru
ORCID: 0009-0006-8615-8176

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UDC 902.2(470.342)
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-86-109

ABSTRACT. The article describes the preliminary results of rescue archaeological work at one of the oldest Russian sites in the Vyatka region — the Kotelnich hillfort, carried out in 2023 during the gasification project along Staroe Gorodishche Street. Seven small excavations were laid and explored on the site with a total area of 13.15 m, in which, after a complete study of the cultural layer, gas equipment was installed to lay a gas pipeline to private households located on the monument. A general description of the excavations is given. Despite the limited area of the work, new information was obtained about the stratigraphy of this rather complex site. The set of finds is characterized. The rescue work reflected different periods in the history of the early core of the town of Kotelnich — the Kotelnich hillfort. In one of the excavations, a section of a wet cultural layer was discovered. In another excavation, a section of the Kotelnich burial ground of the 16th–18th centuries was discovered and described. A preliminary description of the ceramic complex was separately conducted, and the results of the technical and typological analysis were presented. The collection of ceramic ware is both the most widespread and the most important source for the description of the urban cultural layer, but since the early 1990s, this category of finds has not received due attention in publications dedicated to Russian sites of the Vyatka region. A rather archaic technology for the production of ceramic ware, typical of this site, is preliminarily shown. Certainly, the research at the Kotelnich hillfort represents scientific novelty and interest for further research.

KEYWORDS: Kotelnich hillfort, rescue archaeology, ceramic complex, 13th–19th centuries.

For citation: Egorov А. V., Kharin P. А. [Archaeological Work at the Kotelnich Hillfort in 2023]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 86–109. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-4-86-109 (In Russian).

Received 1 August 2024
Accepted 12 December 2024

© 2024 The Authors

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