Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Evgeny G. Neklyudov
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Еkaterinburg)
ORCID 0000-0002-9764-9468
E-mail: ntplant9@mail.ru

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UDC 94(470.5)”17/18″
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2026-5-1-6-15

ABSTRACT. Based on legislation, departmental office documentation, cartographic sources, and information from scientific literature, the article considers the process of developing and applying land management rules and defining the boundaries of mining districts in the Urals, which lasted for one and a half centuries. In the 18th century, it occurred mainly through the allocation of vast state-owned lands to plants and was not yet sufficiently regulated, which hampered the development of industry and caused numerous disputes between plant owners. Initially the norms of ore and plant allotments were determined, which was reflected in the mining legislation. Particularly difficult and time-consuming was the establishment of rules for the allocation of forest areas intended for the procurement of wood fuel for metallurgical furnaces, as well as rules for the distancing of factories of different owners, which were determined as practical experience accumulated. The codification of mining legislation in the first half of the 19th century prompted the coordinated work of the regional departmental institution, provincial bodies and the plant owners themselves to survey the territory of the districts and map them using the advanced scientific principles of that time. These large-scale works resulted in outlining a mosaic in its spatial organization territory of the Mining Urals — the largest metallurgical region in Russia, consisting of state and private districts. It was under the autonomous management of the mining department and united about 12 million desiatinas, or approximately 15% of the area of 3 Ural provinces — Perm, Orenburg and Vyatka.

KEYWORDS: Urals, 18th — first half of the 19th century, mining industry, mining districts, land allotments, land surveying

For citation: Neklyudov E. G. [Establishment of Rules for Allocating Land to the Urals’ Mining Plants in the 18th — First Half of the 19th Century]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2026, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 6–15. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2026-5-1-6-15 (In Russian).

Received 20 January 2025
Accepted 19 September 2025

© 2026 The Author

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Andrey G. Belyaev
«Yugid va» National Park (Russia, Vuktyl)
ORCID: 0000-0003-1678-7429
E-mail: andrey.optic@gmail.com

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UDC 94(47)”1867″
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2026-5-1-16-31

ABSTRACT. In 19th century Russia, there was a growing understanding of the need to develop the country’s transport communications, to create new communication routes between the Central provinces and Siberia, with the aim of strengthening economic ties in the country. Some projects are aimed at building roads running across the country, which will later serve as the basis for the Trans-Siberian Railway. Others, although they are also aimed at developing ties between European Russia and Siberia, have a more local spatial character, organizing transport communications between the Ob and Pechora river basins. Among the second group of projects, there are both those developed on the initiative of government agencies and those presented by private individuals. The vast majority of these projects have not been implemented, but each of them has contributed to the exploration of unexplored territories. Some of these projects are well known, while others have been undeservedly forgotten along with their authors. Among these projects there was the 1867 expedition of the Commission for the Exploration of the Pechora Region, organized at the direction of Prince Gagarin, Governor of Arkhangelsk. In addition to studying the economic conditions on the eastern edge of the Arkhangelsk province, its demographic situation, and the potential for industrial development there, the expedition aimed at exploring the possibility of connecting the Ob and Pechora river basins by water. The expedition’s activities on exploring options for creating a road between the basins of these rivers, is the subject of this article.

KEYWORDS: Urals, Siberia, Pechora, Ob, Pechora region, Road, Commission, 1867

For citation: Belyaev A. G. [The 1867 Pechora Commission Expedition to Find a Way to Connect the Pechora and Ob Basins: Restoring Its Route]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2026, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 16–31. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2026-5-1-16-31 (In Russian).

Received 14 July 2025
Accepted 19 September 2025

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