Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Yulia V. Stepanova
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow)
ORCID: 0000-0002-3717-1589
E-mail: m000142@mail.ru

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UDC 94(470.331)«14/16»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-8-21

ABSTRACT. The article discusses the results of the use of geographic information technologies in the study of the historical geography of the Upper Volga and Upper Western Dvina area of the late 15th — first half of the 17th century. The study included the development of the layers of historical GIS of the uezds of Tver’, Toropets, Rzheva Volodimerova, Torzhok, Belaya and the Tver’ half of Bezhetskaya pyatina, which are combined in a web-based GIS posted on the NEXTGIS. The main sources are the cadastral books. The localization of the toponymy of the 15th–17th centuries made using the sources of the 18th–19th centuries. The result of the use of GIS technologies in historical and geographical research, in addition to web-GIS, which is of applied importance, is the characteristic of the territorial-administrative and settlement structure of the region, which has both all-Russian and local features. As a result of the continuous localization of toponyms, the borders of volost’s, stans, pogosts and other territorial associations were determined, the boundaries of uezds were clarified. Among the local features are the specific types of territorial organization, including those inherited from the pre-Moscow period (perevara, owner volost’s, desyatsk), preserved in the 16th–17th centuries in the Upper Western Dvina and on the southeastern periphery of Novgorod land. The dispersed settlement system was characteristic of the Upper Volga region, while in Podvinye a cluster settlement system was revealed in 16th century. The different ways of joining the Russian state led to the peculiarities of the formation of land ownership in the studied areas. Archaic features are also preserved here (in the land ownership in the Mikulinsky stan-uezd). An idea was obtained about the location of land ownership of Novgorod boyars and monasteries in Bezhetsk pyatina on the eve of the accession of Novgorod to the Moscow Grand Duchy. It is planned to supplement web GIS with layers for the uezds of Staritsa and Zubtsov.

KEYWORDS: historical geography, geographic information system, cadastral books, toponymy, settlement, territorial structure, 15th–17th centuries

For citation: Stepanova Yu. V. [Geographic Information Resources on the Historical Geography of the Upper Volga and Upper Western Dvina of the 15th–17th Centuries: Results and Prospects]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 8–21. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-8-21 (In Russian).

Received 7 July 2025
Accepted 15 October 2025

© 2025 The Author

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Alina O. Gulyaeva
Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents (Russia, Moscow)
ORCID: 0009-0007-9687-5088
E-mail: ardillero1720@gmail.com

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UDC 94(470.331)«16/18»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-22-41

ABSTRACT. The Russian historiography saw several attempts of mapping the Kimry palatial volost’ – one of the most important within the Kashin uyezd — as referred to the first half of the 17th century (maps created by Yu.V. Gauthier, 1906, and S.V. Bogdanov, 2021). In spite of guiding by the same sources (the cadasters’ book of the Kashin uyezd of 1627–1629 and the cadasters’ and allotment book of the Kimry volost’ of 1635), the difference in approaches to them amongst historians has led to notably different reconstructions of the volost’ area. Current condition of the source base allows analyzing and supplementing these reconstructions with the data from the land-survey book of the Kashin uyezd of 1628–1630, the land property rights confirmation books of 1658–1660, the cadastral book of the Kimry volost’ of 1674–1678 and the census book of the Kashin uyezd of 1677, as well as some cadastral drawings from the 1690s. The toponyms mentioned in those kinds of sources were localized on a contemporary map with the aid of the Geo-Information System (GIS) on the basis of the cartographic sources of the 18th–19th centuries (the land-maps of the Kashin uyezd of 1733, the General Land Survey plans of the 1770s–1810s, the maps by A. I. Mende from the 1840s). A new map resulted from the combined data shows that the volost’ territory in the 17th century (1) was not a monolithic and homogenous land mass, but included some enclaves and exclaves, as well as the distinct sections of the volost’ belonging to the different stans (sub-districts); (2) periodically increased and decreased in size through the time; (3) had the conventionally conceived “core” and “periphery”, where the “core” represents a stable economic structure while the “periphery” is a group of settlements and wastelands less strongly bound with the “core” during the 17th century; (4) supposedly, kept some remnants of the economic organization from the 16th century.

KEYWORDS: palatial household, landownership, Kashin uyezd, Kimry, administrative-territorial division, Early Modern Age, Upper Volga Region

For citation: Gulyaeva A. O. [The Territory of the Palace Kimry Volost’ of the Kashin Uyezd in the 17th Century (According to Data from Census and Boundary Books and the Latest Cartographic Sources]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 22–41. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-22-41 (In Russian).

Received 4 August 2025
Accepted 3 November 2025

© 2025 The Author

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Sergei S. Kutakov
Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow)
ORCID: 0000-0001-5546-402X
E-mail: k_sergei_s@mail.ru

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UDC 94(470.331)«15»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-42-53

ABSTRACT. Information on the churches and monasteries that existed within the city of Tver’ during the Middle Ages and the early modern period has been primarily used in works devoted to the historical topography of the city. Historiography has not addressed the issues of the size, geographical distribution, and origins of the landholdings of Tver’s churches and monasteries, although the cadastral materials of the 16th-century Tver’ uyezd allow the elucidation of this topic. This article provides a summarized list of churches and monasteries situated within the Tver’ Kremlin in the 16th century, estimates the size of their landholdings in the Tver’ uyezd, traces the territorial distribution of their patrimonial estates, and identifies the probable sources of their origins. Thirty-two patrimonial estates across 11 volosts (districts) and stans (sub-districts) of the Tver’ uyezd were distributed among the churches and monasteries of the Tver’ Kremlin. The cadastral descriptions of these estates contain 97 toponyms, of which 24 have been localized on a map (24,77 %). The landholdings are categorized as large and small. The large patrimonies are traced back to the princely grants for the maintenance of the churches, likely made at the time of their foundation. The small landholdings are originated from the private donations of a later period. Most were located within a 30 km radius from Tver’. Based on an The assessment of the size of the distinct holdings may serve the basis for suggestion about the hierarchy of the churches and monasteries within the Tver’ Kremlin. A hypothesis is put forward in regard to the possible involvement of the Tver’ palace administration and the episcopal see in endowing certain churches with estates. In several cases, historical-geographical reconstruction elucidates the circumstances of the establishment of some churches and their side-chapels in the 14th–15th centuries.

KEYWORDS: historical geography, ecclesiastical and monastic landownership, census books, Tver’ uyezd, Tver’

For citation: Kutakov С. С. [Churches and Monasteries “Within the Tver’ City Walls” and Their Landholdings in the 16th Century Tver’ Uyezd]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 42–53. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-42-53 (In Russian).

Received 14 July 2025
Accepted 13 November 2025

© 2025 The Author

REFERENCES

• Kutakov S. S. [Selos in Tver’ uyezd of XVI–XVII centuries]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istorya [Tomsk State University Journal of History], 2019, no. 3 (51), pp. 88–97. EDN: OKYRSH (In Russian).
• Kutakov S. S., Stepanova Yu. V. [The borders and administrative structure of the uezd of Tver’ in the Sixteenth century]. Istoricheskaya geografiya [Historical Geography], 2016, vol. 3, pp. 280–317. EDN: XHTZSH. DOI: 10.21267/AQUILO.2016.3.3939 (In Russian).
• Rickman E. A. [New materials on the topography of ancient Tver’]. Kratkiye soobshcheniya o dokladakh i polevykh issledovaniyakh Instituta istorii material’noy kul’tury [Brief reports on reports and field research of the Institute of the history of material culture]. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Akademii nauk SSSR Publ., 1953, iss. 49, pp. 39–50. (In Russian).
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Mikhail V. Mikheev
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0000-0001-8097-4953
E-mail: mikheeviiiauroran@yandex.ru

Yaroslav Yu. Yarkov
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0008-0408-8106
E-mail: yarik5006@yandex.ru

Andrey V. Temryukh
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0007-4524-0373
E-mail: a-temryuh@mail.ru

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UDC 94(470.331)«1940/1953:913»
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-54-61

ABSTRACT. Based on transport statistics, the article attempts to analyze the place of the Kalinin Region in the system of interregional freight transportation of coal, oil, metal goods and machine-building products along the USSR railway network in 1940, 1946 and 1953. It is established that on the eve and after the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet government considered the prospects for the development of the Kalinin Region in the context of the problems of the economic functioning of the Central Economic Region of the Russian Federation. These problems consisted in the disparity between the region’s industry and its fuel and raw material base, which hindered the further development of productive forces here. The latter, in turn, required a reorientation of the Center’s districts from the consumption of long-range imported industrial raw materials from the Caucasus and Ukraine to intraregional resources and raw materials supplies from the Asian part of the USSR. Transport statistics data showed that, in general, the evolution of interregional relations in the Kalinin region in 1940–1953. It took place in accordance with state planned designs, but was accompanied by the influence of external factors caused, first of all, by the German aggression of 1941–1945. By 1953, the Kalinin Region was mainly supplied with fuel and raw materials from nearby regions, actively developing its own engineering industry. According to the authors, the presented material demonstrates the prospects of using transport statistics of the USSR to carry out a comprehensive historical and economic zoning of the Soviet Union, subject to similar studies in relation to other chronological periods, regions and categories of goods in the future.

KEYWORDS: Kalinin Region, interregional freight transportation, railways, the Great Patriotic War,
the USSR, economic history

For citation: Mikheev M. V., Yarkov Ya. Yu., Temryukh A. V. [Kalinin Region in the System of Inter-Regional Relations 1940–1953]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 54–61. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-4-54-61 (In Russian).

Received 15 September 2025
Accepted 1 December 2025

© 2025 The Authors

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