Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Nikolay V. Soldatkin
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Ekaterinburg, Russia
E-mail: niksoldatkin@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0001-5873-1883

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UDC 902(470.5+574)«637»
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-48-55

ABSTRACT. The purpose of the article is to test the hypothesis about the existence of not yet discovered the Bronze Age fortified settlements in the interval between the known sites of the Southern Trans-Urals and North Kazakhstan Ishim region. To do this, a search was conducted using satellite images, approximately from the line of Troitsk — Zhitikara to the line of Petropavlovsk — Yesil, along the Uy, Tobol, Ubagan, Ishim rivers with all their tributaries. Additionally, some areas outside the main search area were analyzed. The key search tool was Google Earth. Additional sources were archival and modern satellite images from other open-access resources. As a result, ten new objects were found that were similar to archaeological sites and corresponded to the external signs of the Sintashta-Petrovka type fortified settlements. They are located in the Chelyabinsk (3 objects), Kurgan (2), Bashkortostan (1) regions of the Russian Federation, and in the Kostanay (3), North Kazakhstan (1) regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. A series of satellite images and a brief description of the objects are provided. This discovery could significantly increase the number of the known Sintashta-Petrovka type settlements (potentially up to 35–40), and correct the interpretations of this group of sites. The territory of their distribution is not limited to the Trans-Ural peneplain, but covers a vast area of the Ural-Kazakhstan steppes, in which three zones of concentration of fortified settlements are tentatively outlined: «Trans-Ural peneplain», «Turgai trough» and the «Ishim river area».

KEYWORDS: Ural-Kazakhstan steppes, Bronze Age, Sintashta-Petrovka type fortified settlements, remote methods, satellite images, archaeological evidence, human settlements.

For citation: Soldatkin N. V. [Searching for the Bronze Age Fortified Settlements of the Ural-Kazakhstan Steppes on the Basis of Satellite Imagery]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 48–55. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-48-55 (In Russian).

Received 14 May 2024
Accepted 16 September 2024

© 2024 The Authors

REFERENCES

• Batanina N. S., Batanin S. A., Antimonov N. P. [Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Data in Archaeological Studies of the Steppe Trans-Urals]. Arkheologiya i geoinformatika [Archaeology and Geoinformatics]. Moscow: IA RAN Publ., 2012, iss. 7. Available at: https://www.archaeolog.ru/media/periodicals/aBatanina N. S., Hanks B. K. Soviet period air photography and archaeology of the Bronze Age in the Southern Urals of Russia. Archaeology from Historical Aerial and Satellite Archives. London: Springer, 2013, pp. 199–219. (In English).
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• Knoll D., Marzolff I. Archaeological Remote Sensing on the Basis of Satellite Imagery in the Southern Trans-Urals. Multidisciplinary investigations of the Bronze Age settlements in the Southern Trans-Urals (Russia). Bonn: Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt Gmbh, 2013, pp. 37–52. (In English).
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• Soldatkin N. V. [Criteria for Identifying, Number and Territory of Sintashta-Petrovka Type Fortified Settlements]. Arkheologiya Kazakhstana [Kazakhstan Archaeology], 2024, no. 1 (23), pp. 218–232. DOI: 10.52967/akz2024.1.23.218.232 (In Russian).
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Oleg Аleksandrovich Kuratov
Institute of Language, Literature and History of the FRC Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Syktyvkar, Russia
E-mail: olegkuratov@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-2575-0698

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UDC 94(470.11)«18/19»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-56-63

ABSTRACT. The subject of the study is rural settlements established in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries by unauthorized means. The study covers the territory of the Pechora Uyezd of the Arkhangelsk Province. A significant part of the work is based on data from a statistical and geographical analysis of the parishes in the Pechora Uyezd conducted in 1903 by the Department of Agriculture and State Property of the Arkhangelsk Province, as well as materials on the peasant resettlement. The scientific novelty of this study lies in revealing the features of the formation and development of rural settlements along the middle course of the Pechora River during the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century, which were initiated by the local population. The paper also identifies gaps in historiography on this topic. A general description of the area is provided. It is revealed that the unauthorized settlement of peasants was a common practice to solve everyday problems. This was driven by economic factors such as the gradual reduction in fishing grounds and shortage of land suitable for agriculture. The creation of these settlements, dependent on traditional crafts such as hunting and fishing, led to the formation of new communities. Despite the state’s attempts to prevent illegal logging and misuse of state-owned forests by the peasants, it was concluded that the process of settlement formation was largely unregulated. Most settlers were able to obtain official status and permission for land use.

KEYWORDS: human settlements, Arkhangelsk Province, Pechora Uyezd, unauthorized settlements, resettlement settlements, nineteenth century, twentieth century.

For citation: Kuratov O. A. [Unauthorized Method of Settlements Establishment on the Territory of the Pechora Uyezd of the Arkhangelsk Province in the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2024, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 56–63. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2024-3-3-56-63 (In Russian).

Received 8 April 2024
Accepted 13 August 2024

© 2024 The Author

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Andrei S. Luchnikov
Perm State University
Perm, Russia
E-mail: sarychev.geo@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0003-3586-5525

Irina S. Rudakova
Secondary Educational School № 3
Perm, Russia
E-mail: rrudakova.irina@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-6986-1656

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UDC 94(470.5):913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2023-2-1-78-89

ABSTRACT. Chusovoy urban district of the Perm Krai is one of the central municipalities in the east of the region, within the so-called Gornozavodsky Prikamye. At present, the city and the territories adjacent to it are included in the official list of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation as a single-industry settlement with a difficult socio-economic situation. One of the reasons for this situation was the reduction in the activity of the city-forming functions, associated with the lack
of a diversified urban economy and the creation of a negative image of the city. Based on the historicalgenetic approach and the identification of the main factors (driving reasons), the article characterizes five stages of the socio-economic development of the Chusovoy lands and the city of Chusovoy as a part of the territorial system of the Perm Krai. The most important events and decisions that have become a turning point in the history of the development of the territories between the Chusovaya and Us’va rivers are indicated. It is determined that consideration of the functions characteristic of the city in the past will help to substantiate the promising directions of its development in the future. When considering the current stage of development of the district, special attention is paid to the implementation of the concept of a new industrial policy, which implies the modernization of traditional functions for the urban economy, the emergence of new types of activities (as part of stimulating small and medium businesses) and post-industrialization, i.e. active use of the historical and industrial heritage of Chusovoy for the development of the tourist and recreational sphere and other modern service activities.

KEYWORDS: functional structure transformation, Chusovoy city, single-industry city, neo-industrialization, post-industrialism

For citation: Luchnikov A. S., Rudakova I. S. Chusovoy Urban District in the Territorial System of the Perm Krai: Historical and Geographical Analysis // Historical Geography Journal. 2023. Vol. 2. № 1. P. 78–89.

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Olga A. Balabeikina
Candidate of Geographic Sciences, Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: olga8011@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0001-9520-8880

Valeria Yu. Korobushchenko
Bachelor of Regional Studies, Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: parkkeva@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0003-3843-8465

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UDC 94(470.22):913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2023-2-1-90-97

ABSTRACT. The article examines the history of the Republic of Karelia’s settlements, abolished in the late 1950s — early 2020s. Based on the content analysis and information from photographic documents posted in public access, the current state of the territories of abolished rural settlements is described. The authors focus on a specific category of abolished settlements of the Republic of Karelia, whose population in the pre-revolutionary period was more than 150 people. Thus, such settlements as Keret, Kakkarovo, Vashakovo, Lagilamba, Signavolok and Lyadinskaya were considered in the article. Out of these Keret had the longest history and the biggest economic importance in the past, therefore it’s examined with the highest degree of detail. In general, the abolished settlements of the named category have either retained their residential function, being absorbed by neighboring villages as a part of their planning structure, or become abandoned territories with heavily ruined residential buildings. In addition, the abolished settlements have the tendency to become more and more involved in the recreation economy; the most promising areas are sports, kayaking, expeditionary and religious tourism. Considering the popularity of recreation in quite distant places, the demand for guest houses equipped on the basis of restored historical Pomor houses is likely to increase.

KEYWORDS: Republic of Karelia, abolished settlements, georuralistics, Keret, abolition of settlements, tourism and recreation

For citation: Past and present of the abolished settlements in the Republic of Karelia // Historical Geography Journal. 2023. Vol. 2. № 1. P. 90–97.

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