Historical Geography Journal ISSN 2782-6511 (Print) | ISSN 3034-5286 (Online)

Ivan N. Razumov
Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow)
ORCID: 0000-0001-9527-2196
E-mail: inrazumov@gmail.com

Vladimir V. Minenko
Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow)
ORCID: 0000-0002-4141-917X
E-mail: vvminenko@yandex.ru

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UDC 94(47)«1238»:913
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-6-15

ABSTRACT. The article examines the sacking of the chronicled town of Vshchizh, located in the Bryansk region, by Mongol troops in 1238 on the basis of written sources and archaeological evidence. Having studied the history of the Mongol raid on the former capital of the principality of Chernigov-Seversk land, the authors conclude that it appeared in the mid-19th century in one of the newspaper publications, compiled on the basis of a misinterpretation of the results of the excavations of the ancient Vshchizh temple, conducted by local landowners. Later, this version became dominant, and was finally consolidated in the works of academician B.A. Rybakov. Based on the analysis of materials obtained in the course of modern archaeological research, the authors conclude that the town suffered the greatest damage as a result of internecine wars in the mid-12th century, which led to a reduction in the urban area, the loss of its economic and political importance, and subsequently to the liquidation of the princely estate in Vshchizh after the death of the childless Prince Svyatoslav Vladimirovich. The invasion of Batu’s troops into the lands in the North-East Rus’ in the winter of 1237–1238 occurred during the period of gradual decay of the former center of the appanage principality and served as the final impetus for the final demise of the ancient Russian town. The further history of Vshchizh is connected with a rural settlement. At the end of the 15th century, it was a privately owned and quite large one, on its territory the court of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania was located. But it lost its urban status forever.

KEYWORDS: Ancient Russia, Middle Ages, Vshchizh, prince, chronicles, archaeological excavations, internecine wars, Polovtsy, stone church, Mongol invasion, siege

For citation: Razumov I. N., Minenko V. V. [The Sacking (Storming?) of the Ancient Russian Town of Vshchizh (In the Light of the Geography of Batu’s Invasion of Rus’ in 1238): A Reappraisal]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 6–15. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-6-15 (In Russian).

Received 6 April 2025
Accepted 12 August 2025

© 2025 The Authors

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Leonid V. Polovnikov
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (Russia, Perm)
ORCID: 0000-0003-1769-4929
E-mail: lv_polovnikoff@mail.ru

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UDC: 94(470.5)
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-16-35

ABSTRACT. The article examines the natural, climatic and socioeconomic factors that predetermined the vector of house-building techniques of the Perm Cis-Urals in the Middle Ages (7th –15th centuries) focusing on the Lomovatovo and Rodanovo archaeological cultures. Drawing upon a wide range of scholarly publications, the study systematizes the structural features and interior organization of dwellings. It is noted that the frame-and-post construction technique remained dominant throughout the period, with field data from the last 30 years failing to confirm a widespread transition to log-building techniques or a trend towards reducing living space. The most evident evolution is observed in interior details, which became increasingly complex over time. The study attempts to demonstrate the adaptation of local tribes to the region’s environmental conditions through the lens of domestic architecture. This is evident in the predominant use of local forest resources — primarily pine, and less frequently spruce and larch — although the deliberate selection of tree species based on their physico-mechanical properties cannot be ruled out. The prolonged winter period necessitated the development of methods to retain heat and maintain dryness inside dwellings, leading to the construction of earth embankments along walls, the evolution of heating systems, and improvements in floor construction. However, the harsh conditions rarely allowed for the achievement of fully comfortable results, and the inability to maintain a stable indoor temperature was likely to have a negative impact on the inhabitant’s health. Furthermore, growing productive forces influenced the development of interior elements (partitions, utility pits). The construction of houses appeared to have been due to collective labor of the communities’ able-bodied population, possibly with the involvement of experienced carpenters.

KEYWORDS: archaeology, dwellings, Perm Cis-Ural, Lomovatovo culture, Rodanovo culture, hearth, post-frame construction

For citation: Polovnikov L. V. [Natural and Social Determinants of Medieval House-Building in the Perm Cis-Urals]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 16–35. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-16-35 (In Russian).

Received 14 June 2025
Accepted 12 August 2025

© 2025 The Author

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• Polovnikov L. V. [To the Question of the Sizes of Houses of Rodanovskoy Culture]. Vestnik nauchnoy assotsiatsii studentov i aspirantov istoricheskogo fakul’teta Permskogo gosudarstvennogo gumanitarno-pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Studis historica juvenum [Bulletin of the Scientific Association of Students and Postgraduates of the History Faculty of Perm State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University. Series: Studis Historica Juvenum], 2017, no. 1 (13), pp. 48–55. EDN: YMHNCZ (In Russian).
• Polovnikov L. V. [Methods of Calculating the Strength of the Roof Frame of the Rodanovo Culture Dwellings]. L Uralo-Povolzhskaya arkheologicheskaya konferentsiya studentov i molodykh uchenykh: materialy Vseros. (s mezhdunar. uchastiyem) konf. [50^th Ural-Volga Region Archaeological Conference of Students and Young Scientists: Proceedings of the All-Russian (With International Participation) Conf.]. Samara: Samarskiy un-t Publ., 2018, pp. 367–371. (In Russian).
• Polovnikov L. V. [Structural Features of the Dwellings of the Lomovatovo and Rodanovo Cultures in the Perm Cis-Urals]. Trudy VI (XXII) Vserossiyskogo arkheologicheskogo s”yezda v Samare: v 3 t. [Proceedings of the 6^th (22^nd) All-Russian Archaeological Congress in Samara: in 3 Vols]. Samara: Samarskiy gos. sotsial’no-pedagogicheskiy un-t Publ., 2020, vol. 2, pp. 212–214. (In Russian).
• Polovnikov L. V. [History of the Study of Medieval Dwellings of the Perm Cis-Urals]. XVI Baderovskiye chteniya [16^th Bader Readings]. Perm: PGNIU Publ., 2023, pp. 196–199. (In Russian).
• Polovnikov L. V., Permyakova A. V. [Metalworking of Products from Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals as Part of Home Production in the Dwellings of the Rodanovo Culture (Based on Excavations at the Rozhdestvenskoye Settlement in 2014–2016)]. Aktual’naya arkheologiya 4. Kompleksnyye issledovaniya v arkheologii [Relevant Archaeology 4. Comprehensive Research in Archaeology]. Saint Petersburg: IIMK Publ., 2018, pp. 238–241. EDN: YTSLLE (In Russian).
• Sarapulov A. N. Srednevekovoye zemledeliye Permskogo Predural’ya po arkheologicheskim dannym [Medieval Agriculture of the Perm Cis-Urals According to Archaeological Data]. Perm: Kn. format Publ., 2015. (In Russian).
• Sarapulov A. N. [A New Type of Medieval Farm Buildings in the Perm Cis-Urals]. Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh Stepei [Archaeology of the Eurasian Steppes], 2017, no. 1, pp. 324–328. EDN: SIZNVP (In Russian).
• Sarapulov A. N., Lapteva E. G. [Reconstructing the Habitat and Economy of the Medieval Population of the Rodanovo Settlement (Perm Krai)]. Ekologiya drevnikh i traditsionnykh obshchestv: materialy VI Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. [Ecology of Ancient and Traditional Societies: Proceedings of the 6^th International Sci. Conf.]. Tyumen: Izd-vo TyumNTs SO RAN Publ., 2020, pp. 106–108. (In Russian).
• Semenova V. I. Poseleniye i mogil’nik Chastukhinskiy uriy [The Settlement and Burial Ground of Chastukhinsky Ury]. Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 2005. (In Russian).
• Sharygin M. D. [Perm Region: Problems of Spatial Development]. Geograficheskiy vestnik [Geographical Bulletin], 2018, no. 2 (45), pp. 50–62. EDN: XUATLN. DOI: 10.17072/2079-7877-2018-2-50-62 (In Russian).
• Singh V. K. Zheleznyy instrumentariy srednevekovogo Novgoroda: kand. dis. [Iron Tools of Medieval Novgorod: Diss. Cand.]. Moscow, 2009, vol. 1. (In Russian).
• Smertin A. R. [Age and Gender Differences in Economic Activities (Based on Materials from Early Medieval Burial Grounds of the Perm Cis-Urals)]. LIII Uralo-Povolzhskaya arkheologicheskaya konferentsiya studentov i molodykh uchenykh [53^rd Ural-Volga Region Archaeological Conference of Students and Young Scientists]. Orenburg: Orenburgskiy gos. pedagogicheskiy un-t Publ., 2021, pp. 216–219. (In Russian).
• Smertin A. R. [Woodworking Tools of the Perm Pre-Urals in the Medieval period]. Trudy kamskoy arkheologo-etnograficheskoy ekspeditsii [Proceedings of the Kama Archaeological and Ethnographic Expedition], 2021, no. 19, pp. 92–102. EDN: JVIILB. DOI: 10.24412/2658-7637-2021-19-92-102 (In Russian).
• Smertin A. R., Bryukhova N. G. [Carpentry Tools of Plotnikovo Burial Ground]. Trudy kamskoy arkheologo-etnograficheskoy ekspeditsii [Proceedings of the Kama Archaeological and Ethnographic Expedition], 2017, no. 13, pp. 80–89. EDN: YLMBKY (In Russian).
• Smertin P. R. [Age and Gender Characteristics of Medieval Burial Grounds in the Perm Cis-Urals (Based on Archaeological Materials)]. LI Uralo-Povolzhskaya arkheologicheskaya konferentsiya studentov i molodykh uchenykh (UPASK, 5–8 fevralya 2019 goda) [51^st Ural-Volga Region Archaeological Conference of Students and Young Scientists (UPASK, February 5–8, 2019)]. Kurgan: KGU Publ., 2019, pp. 166–168. (In Russian).
• Sokolova Z. P. [Materials on the Housing, Economic and Religious Buildings of the Ob Ugrians]. Sibirskiy etnograficheskiy sbornik [Siberian Ethnographic Collection]. Moscow; Leningrad: Izd-vo AN SSSR Publ., 1963, iss. 5, pp. 182–233. (Proceedings of the N. N. Miklouho-Maclay Institute of Ethnography. New series; vol. 84). (In Russian).
• Talitsky M. V. [Upper Kama Region in the 10^th–14^th Centuries]. Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii Urala i Priural’ya [Materials and Research on the Archaeology of the Urals and the Cis-Urals]. Moscow; Leningrad: AN SSSR Publ., 1951, vol. 3, pp. 33–96. (Materials and Research on the Archaeology of the USSR; no. 22). (In Russian).
• Vasiliev V. G. Eksperimental’noye modelirovaniye arkheologicheskikh zhilishch (po materialam pamyatnikov neolita — bronzy tayezhnoy zony Srednego Priob”ya): kand. dis. [Experimental Modeling of Archaeological Dwellings (Based on Materials from the Neolithic — Bronze Age Sites in the Taiga Zone of the Middle Ob Region): Diss. Cand.]. Barnaul, 2000. (In Russian).
• Zaretskaya N. E., Lychagina E. L., Lapteva E. G., Trofimova S. S., Chernov A. V. [The Kama Flood Plain: Reconstruction of the Natural Habitat of Ancient and Medieval Communities in the Middle Cis-Urals]. Rossiiskaia arkheologiia [Russian Archaeology], 2020, no. 1, pp. 44–59. EDN: WYHYOZ. DOI: 10.31857/S086960630008253-7 (In Russian).
• Zherebtsov L. N. Krest’yanskoye zhilishche v Komi ASSR [Peasant Dwelling in the Komi ASSR]. Syktyvkar: Komi kn. izd-vo Publ., 1971. (In Russian).

Irina L. Mankova
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of the History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID 0000-0003-1496-0574
E-mail: ilman.08@mail.ru

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UDC: 94(571.12)«16»
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-36-51

ABSTRACT. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of a drawing of Tobolsk included in the «Siberian Chronicle» compiled by coachman Ivan Cherepanov from F. F. Mazurin collection (RGADA). The manuscript dates back to the 1760–1790s. The author proves that the chronicle drawing is a copy of a drawing made between March of the 1672 and May of the 1677. It is made in the manner of ancient Russian drawings: planar and three-dimensional drawings of buildings are used, illustrative images of the objects are prevailed. At the same time, the drafter sought to unify the symbols used (residential areas, forests, bridges, guard towers, bell towers). The drawing has an explication, which includes 46 anthropogenic objects, indicated by numbers. They can be divided into the following groups: defensive and communication (towers, gates, bridges, powder magazine), religious (churches, chapels, bell towers, monasteries, objects of the bishop’s residence), administrative (voivode, diak, boyar houses, prison, guardhouse, customs), public (shopping malls, trading bath, wine cellar basement, grain and salt barns). They define the structure of urban space. Images of churches allow identifying their architectural features. The comparison of the drawing from the Cherepanov Chronicle with S. Remezov’s drawings of the late 1680s–1701 provides an opportunity to trace the dynamics of changes in the cultural space of Tobolsk. It manifested itself in the expansion of the territories of the administrative center («town») and the residence of the bishops, the relocation of some socially significant facilities to new locations, and the abandonment of defensive structures along the high bank of the Irtysh. The drawings under consideration show the continuity of techniques for depicting urban space, which indicates the existence of a unified visual style in the prikaz paperwork of Tobolsk in the second half of the 17th century.

KEYWORDS: cultural landscape, Cherepanov Chronicle, Tobolsk drawing of the first half of the 1670s, Semyon Remezov drawings.

For citation: Mankova I. L. [A Drawing from the Cherepanov Chronicle as a Source for Reconstructing the Cultural Landscape of Tobolsk in the Second Half of the 17th Century]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 36–51. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-36-51 (In Russian).

Received 24 August 2025
Accepted 21 October 2025

© 2025 The Author

REFERENCES

• Andreev A. I. [The Cherepanov Chronicle]. Istoricheskiye zapiski [Historical Notes], 1942, vol. 13, pp. 308–323. (In Russian).
• Kochedamov V. I. Trudy po istorii gradostroitel’stva s kommentariyami sovremennykh uchenykh: v 4 t. [Works on the History of Urban Development with Commentary by Modern Scientists: In 4 Vols]. St. Petersburg: Sokhranennaya kul’tura Publ., 2021, vol. 3. (In Russian).
• Kochedamov V. I. Trudy po istorii gradostroitel’stva s kommentariyami sovremennykh uchenykh: v 4 t. [Works on the History of Urban Development with Commentary by Modern Scientists: In 4 Vols]. St. Petersburg: Sokhranennaya kul’tura Publ., 2021, vol. 4. (In Russian).
• Mankova I. L. Pravoslavnyy landshaft gorodov Zapadnoy Sibiri v XVII veke [The Orthodox Landscape of Western Siberian Cities in the 17^th Century]. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta Publ., 2020. (In Russian).
• Mirzoev V. G. Istoriografiya Sibiri (XVIII v.) [Historiography of Siberia (18^th Century)]. Kemerovo: Knizhnoye izd-vo Publ., 1963. (In Russian).
• Sitnikov L. A. [Archaeographic Review of the Versions of the Cherepanov Chronicle]. Sibirskoye istochnikovedeniye i arkheografiya [Siberian Source Studies and Archeography]. Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1980, pp. 154–177. (In Russian).

Vladimir M. Kostomarov
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Tyumen State University (Russia, Tyumen)
ORCID: 0000-0002-8667-3809
E-mail: vkostomarov@yandex.ru

Kirill Yu. Krestyannikov
Tyumen State University (Russia, Tyumen)
ORCID: 0000-0001-6021-9459
E-mail: k.y.krestyannikov@utmn.ru

Danil M. Turnov
Tyumen State University (Russia, Tyumen)
ORCID: 0009-0005-3435-7635
E-mail: dan72rus@gmail.ru

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UDC 94(571.12)«16/19»
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-52-61

ABSTRACT. The article examines the methodological aspects of reconstructing a historical soundscape using the example of the Siberian historical settlement of Tyumen from the 17th to early 20th centuries. The study offers a unique example of “recreating” a city’s soundscape using written sources. It analyzes the evolution of the source material, from early administrative documents to the popular periodicals of the early 20th century. The historiography of soundscape research by Western and Russian scholars is explored in detail. The need for a differentiated methodological approach to different chronological periods, depending on the nature and comprehensiveness of the sources, is demonstrated and confirmed. For the 17th–18th centuries, only hypothetical modeling is possible, for the 19th century, partial structural reconstruction, and for the early 20th century, comprehensive restoration of the soundscape. Using materials from Sibirskaya torgovaya gazeta (Siberian Trade Newspaper), travelers’ notes, and cartographic sources, the transformation of Tyumen’s soundscape from a hi-fi to a lo-fi environment is traced in the context of modernization processes. The study reveals new aspects of studying Siberian historical cities, with the potential to extend similar research methods to cities in the Ural-Volga region and Central Russia. It is concluded that studying written sources to identify “non-standard,” “secondary” information about sounds holds promise for reconstructing a comprehensive picture of the history of urban settlements and advancing an understanding of the macro-processes of the past, tracing the signs of changing eras and the qualitative manifestations of these changes in the sound of the urban environment (for example, the emergence of new sounds associated with technological progress and the formation of an industrial society).

KEYWORDS: soundscape, historical ecoacoustics, Tyumen, methodology, historical sources, sensory history, urbanization, Siberia

For citation: Kostomarov V. M., Krestyannikov K. Yu., Turnov D. P. [Reconstructing the Soundscape of a Siberian City from the 17th to the Early 20th Century: Methodological and Source Study Opportunities (The Case of Tyumen)]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 52–61. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-52-61 (In Russian).

Received 3 August 2025
Accepted 21 October 2025

© 2025 The Authors

REFERENCES

• Corbin A. Village Bells: Sound and Meaning in the Nineteenth-Century French Countryside. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998. (In English).
• Lapin V. V. Peterburg: zapakhi i zvuki [Petersburg: Smells and Sounds]. Saint Petersburg: Evropeyskiy dom Publ., 2007. (In Russian).
• Schafer R. M. The Soundscape: Our Environment and the Tuning of the World. Rochester: Destiny Books, 1977. (In English).
• Smith M. M. Listening to Nineteenth-Century America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. (In English).
• Thompson E. The Soundscape of Modernity: Architectural Acoustics and the Culture of Listening in America, 1900–1933. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002. (In English).

Vladimir P. Mikityuk
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0000-7636-1839
E-mail: vmikitjuk@mail.ru

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UDC: 94(470.5)«18/19»
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-62-71

ABSTRACT. The article analyzes the history of gardening in Ekaterinburg of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. The main attention is paid to studying the horticulture development in the last quarter of the 19th — early 20th century. The article analyzes the history of industrial gardens, which is understood as farms that conduct commercial activities. Among them are the gardens of P. M. Vaulin, A. I. Gakkel, F. I. Dietrich, D. I. Lobanov and others. The analysis of the collected factual material allows drawing the following conclusions. First, there was a significant development of horticulture in Ekaterinburg in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. Second, the majority of the estates owners had gardens at their houses. They used them as recreation areas without any commercial purposes. Third, there were about a dozen of industrial gardens in Ekaterinburg in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. Fourth, the majority of industrial gardens was relatively small in the scope of their activities, except the one belonging to D. I. Lobanov. Fifth, the gardens with activities in the marketplace mainly specialized in the cultivation of flowers, fruit and berry shrubs. D. I. Lobanov’s garden was exceptional. It was engaged in the cultivation and acclimatization of fruit and berry trees and shrubs, as well as various tree species, including conifers and deciduous trees. Sixth, the development of industrial horticulture in pre-revolutionary Ekaterinburg did not reach a significant scale.

KEYWORDS: Ekaterinburg, industrial gardening, amateur gardeners, D. I. Lobanov

For citation: Mikityuk V. P. [Industrial Gardening in Ekaterinburg of the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Century]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 62–71. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-62-71 (In Russian).

Received 20 February 2025
Accepted 12 August 2025

© 2025 The Author

REFERENCES

• Berdnikov N. N. Gorod v dvukh izmereniyakh [The City in Two Dimensions]. Sverdlovsk: Sredne-Ural’skoye knizhnoye izdatel’stvo Publ., 1976. (In Russian).
• Kaiser N. V. Transformatsiya ob”yektov landshaftnoy arkhitektury obshchego pol’zovaniya v g. Ekaterinburge s XIX po XXI vek: kand. dis. [Transformation of Public Landscape Architecture Objects in Ekaterinburg from the 19^th to the 21^st Century: Diss. Cand.]. Ekaterinburg: UGLTU, 2020. (In Russian).
• Kozinets L. Kamennaya letopis’ goroda. Arkhitektura Ekaterinburga — Sverdlovska XVIII — nachala XX veka [Stone Chronicle of the City. Architecture of Ekaterinburg — Sverdlovsk of the 18^th — Early 20^th Century]. Sverdlovsk: Sredne-Ural’skoye knizhnoye izdatel’stvo Publ., 1989. (In Russian).
• Mikityuk V. P., Yakhno O. N. Povsednevnaya zhizn’ Ekaterinburga na rubezhe XIX—XX vekov. Ocherki gorodskogo byta [Everyday Life of Ekaterinburg at the Turn of the 19^th and 20^th Centuries. Essays on Urban Life]. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publ., 2014. (In Russian).
• Mozalevskaya E. K. Zelenyye samotsvety. Sady, skvery i parki Ekaterinburga vchera i segodnya [Green Gems. Gardens, Squares, and Parks of Ekaterinburg Yesterday and Today]. Ekaterinburg: IP Pidzhakov A. V. Publ., 2023. (In Russian).
• Slukin V. M. Dvorets Rastorguyevykh — Kharitonovykh [The Rastorguev — Kharitonov Palace]. Ekaterinburg: Bank kul’turnoy informatsii Publ., 2015. (In Russian).
• Zorina L. I. [History of the Ural Society of Natural Science Lovers, 1870–1929. From the History of Science and Culture of the Urals]. Uchenyye zapiski Sverdlovskogo oblastnogo krayevedcheskogo muzeya [Scientific Notes of the Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore]. Ekaterinburg: Bank kul’turnoy informatsii Publ., 1996, vol. 1. (In Russian).
• Zorina L. I., Slukin V. M. Ulitsy, ploshchadi, reki, prudy, podzemel’ya i prigorody starogo Ekaterinburga [Streets, Squares, Rivers, Ponds, Dungeons and Suburbs of Old Ekaterinburg]. Ekaterinburg: Kabinetnyy uchenyy Publ., 2025. (In Russian).

Alexey V. Gilderman
Picterra LLC (Russia, Еkaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0006-4163-4730
E-mail: gilderman.a@yandex.ru

Svetlana A. Lips
Picterra LLC (Russia, Еkaterinburg)
ORCID: 0000-0001-5214-7520
E-mail: PT.SvetlanaLips@yandex.ru

Ekaterina N. Solovyova
Picterra LLC (Russia, Еkaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0000-1814-6858
E-mail: katerinasarary@ya.ru

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UDC 94(470.5):902.2
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-72-83

ABSTRACT. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the historic quarter bounded by Dekabristov, Chapaev, Tveritin, and Stepan Razin Streets in the Leninsky District of Еkaterinburg. The study is based on written sources and archaeological excavations of the 18th–19th century cultural layer conducted in 2023–2024. A brief overview of the archaeological study of the area is provided. Written sources revealed that the area under consideration developed in the second half of the 18th century as a commercial district outside the Еkaterinburg Fortress, which gradually transformed into a district inhabited by townspeople and merchants. The history of the Saviour Old Believers Church was traced from its founding in 1804 to its demolition in 1932. The surnames of families living on the estates were identified from written sources. Archaeological research made it possible to trace the development chronology, reconstruct the architectural features of lost structures, their construction technologies, layouts, and functional purposes. Furthermore, archaeological excavations uncovered important details not reflected in archival documents. Among the key discoveries was an unknown cemetery at the Saviour Old Believers Church. Forty-three burials were examined, twenty-six of which were children’s. An anthropological analysis of the remains was conducted, it included determining gender, age, and health status. The remains discovered were primarily male, ranging in age from infancy to 60 years. Some individuals were diagnosed with a number of illnesses, primarily related to the musculoskeletal system, as well as signs of meningitis and physiological stress. In addition, the excavation discovered the remains of a wooden structure, likely associated with lard-making or oil-pressing operations, hydraulic structures, as well as cells, icehouses, and a large number of postholes, pits, and ditches.

KEYWORDS: Iset River, Еkaterinburg, archaeology of the Urals, urban archeology, Saviour Old Believers Church

For citation: Gilderman А. V., Lips S. А., Solovyova Е. N. [The Right Bank of the River Iset in the Quarter of Dekabristov — Chapaev — Tveritin — Stepan Razin Streets in Еkaterinburg: The History of Urban Development Based on Written Sources and the 2023–2024 Archaeological Research]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 72–83. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-72-83 (In Russian).

Received 14 August 2025
Accepted 21 October 2025

© 2025 The Authors

REFERENCES

• Burtsev A. G. [History and Heritage of the “Opytstroy” Co-Operative]. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov [Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education], 2015, no. 4 (52), pp. 105–137. EDN: VDLNYH (In Russian).
• Ekaterinburg: istoriya goroda v arkhitekture [Ekaterinburg: The City History in Architecture]. Ekaterinburg: Sokrat Publ., 2008. (In Russian).
• Fedorova M. S., Osintseva O. A., Okunkova A. A. Utrachennyye arkhitekturnyye ob”yekty Ekaterinburga, Tyumeni, Chelyabinska i Kurgana (2003–2023 gody) [Lost Architectural Objects of Ekaterinburg, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk and Kurgan (2003–2023)]. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta Publ., 2024. EDN: RTKSPY (In Russian).
• Korepanov N. S. Entsiklopediya Ekaterinburga [Encyclopedia of Ekaterinburg]. Ekaterinburg: Turistsko-informatsionnyy tsentr Publ., 2017, vol. 1. (In Russian).
• Palkin A. S. Yedinoveriye v seredine XVIII — nachale XX v.: obshcherossiyskiy kontekst i regional’naya spetsifika [Edinoverie from the Middle of the 18^th to the Beginning of the 20^th Centuries: National Context and Regional Specifics]. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta Publ.; Universitetskoye izd-vo Publ., 2016. (In Russian).
• Pavlova O. A., Svyatova E. O., Soboleva N. A. [Rescue Excavations of the Utility Yard of the “First House of E. M. Oshurkov” in Ekaterinburg]. Arkheologicheskiye otkrytiya, 2016 god [Archaeological Discoveries, 2016]. Moscow Institut arkheologii RAN Publ., 2018, pp. 386–387. (In Russian).
• Rassadnikov A. Yu. [Livestock in the Life of Ekaterinburg in the 19^th Century Based on the Materials of Protection Excavations at 69 Dekabristov Street]. Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy [Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research], 2020, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 131–146. EDN: ALAZLB. DOI: 10.14258/tpai(2020)4(32).-10 (In Russian).
• Salov A. V. [The Right Bank of the Iset River in the Area of the Public Territory “Nurov’s Garden” near the Tsarsky Bridge in Ekaterinburg: Urban Development and Scientific Research, 1770–2023]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2023, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 26–39. EDN: IWYVSR. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2023-2-4-26-39 (In Russian).
• Svod pamyatnikov istorii i kul’tury Sverdlovskoy oblasti [The Corpus of Historical and Cultural Monuments of the Sverdlovsk Region]. Ekaterinburg: Sokrat Publ., 2007, vol. 1. (In Russian).
• Voroshilin S. I. Khramy Ekaterinburga [Temples of Ekaterinburg]. Ekaterinburg: Uralmedizdat Publ., 1995. (In Russian).
• Zorina L. I., Slukin V. M. Ulitsy i ploshchadi starogo Ekaterinburga [Streets and Squares of Old Ekaterinburg]. Ekaterinburg: Basko Publ., 2005. (In Russian).

Elena M. Glavatskaya
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Ural Federal University (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-5013
E-mail: elena.glavatskaya@urfu.ru

Maya V. Zhitkova
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Еkaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0008-7048-2312
E-mail: mayacw@mail.ru

Natalia V. Postnikova
Ural Federal University (Russia, Ekaterinburg)
ORCID: 0009-0007-5081-145X
E-mail: nstavins@mail.ru

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UDC 39(=945.21)
DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-84-93

ABSTRACT. The article presents the results of a pilot field study among the Urals’ Mari — the Finno-Ugric people of Russia. It was conducted in September 2025 in the Arti district of Sverdlovsk Oblast’ with the aim to identify the forms and channels through which the Ural Mari preserve and transmit their cultural heritage. The researchers did not ask respondents to answer predefined questions, but instead sought to record what the residents of the Mari villages considered most important in representing their culture. The Mari people themselves also determined the route of the expedition. Thus, the collected material largely reflects their views on the state of their culture. The study yielded information on the challenges of the Mari language preservation, the activity of the folk dancing groups, preservation of national dress and crafts, traditional holidays and cultural events, annual prayers, and wedding rituals. All materials obtained during the study — 10 interviews and visual documents (544 photos and 17 videos) reflecting the current state of the Ural Mari cultural heritage were transferred to the Scientific Archive of the Ethnohistory Center of the Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. According to the fieldwork data, the most important elements of the contemporary Ural Mari cultural heritage include language, traditional costume and crafts, folk dancing, calendar rituals, and life-cycle rites. Promising areas for further research are studying contemporary demographic processes, the interactions between the Mariy El Republic and the Ural Mari diaspora, as well as between urban and rural population in preserving the Mari cultural heritage, and life-cycle rites.

KEYWORDS: ethnocultural heritage, Ural Mari, field research, ethnography, calendar rituals, life cycle rituals, traditional crafts

For citation: Glavatskaya Е. М., Zhitkova М. V., Postnikova N. V. [The Cultural Heritage of the Urals’ Mari: Results of the 2025 Field Research]. Istoriko-geograficheskiy zhurnal [Historical Geography Journal], 2025, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 84–93. DOI: 10.58529/2782-6511-2025-4-3-84-93 (In Russian).

Received 1 September 2025
Accepted 21 October 2025

© 2025 The Authors

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